Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a strong oxidizing agent typically used in combination with ozone or UV light in advanced oxidation processes (AOP) to remove trace organic compounds that cause taste and odour issues, biological growth and may otherwise be harmful to human health. In addition, it can be used for removal of iron and hydrogen sulfide.

Residual hydrogen peroxide is not desirable in the treated water, especially because it is relatively stable. It is typically removed by quenching with chlorine. For this reason, dosing needs to be carefully controlled and adjusted to provide a sufficient amount to achieve treatment goals while making sure residual concentration is minimized. Further, the amount of chlorine added for hydrogen peroxide quenching needs to be adjusted according to the remaining hydrogen peroxide levels. Efficient dosing of both hydrogen peroxide and chlorine can be accomplished by monitoring the hydrogen peroxide concentration in real time at a location downstream of the application point. Concentrations exceeding a pre-determined threshold at the monitoring point would indicate overdosing, and therefore dosing can be adjusted accordingly.

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